Vitamins

Vitamins

Vitamins were discovered in the early XX century. Polish scientist Casimir Funk discovered the substance in 1912, which erroneously attributed to the class of amines and called "vitamin". Translated from Latin, it means "vital amine". There are currently more than 20 substances that doctors considered to vitamins. Almost all of the vitamins the human body gets from food, and only produces some himself. The role of vitamins in the human body is to participate in all vital processes in which they participate, either directly or as part of the enzymatic complex formations. Vitamins are

actively involved in the metabolic, oxidative, plastic processes play an important role in the functioning of the immune system. The body's need for vitamins is not great, but a deficiency of one or more vitamins during long periods of time leads to violations of vital functions. Reduced resistance to infections and unfavorable environmental factors. Provoke a variety of diseases associated with disorders of metabolic processes, the functioning of organs and systems, regenerative processes at the cellular level. Diseases associated with lack of vitamins in the body, called beriberi. Some of them occur in severe (pellagra, scurvy). Prolonged deficiency of any one vitamin in the body develop vitamin deficiencies, with a deficiency of several vitamins - polyhypovitaminosis. If insufficient intake of vitamins in the food composition, due to limitations diet products (monotonous food), developing the so-called primary deficit of vitamins. Secondary deficiency develops in the digestive system diseases due to malabsorption, while increasing the body's needs due to physical exertion, some physiological states of the organism (pregnancy), in various diseases. Neuro-

psychological stress, physical stress lead to increased consumption of vitamins. The need for vitamins increases with the influence of external climatic factors - when in the low temperature and high temperature in combination with UV irradiation.